In Vitro Immunomodulatory Activity of Aqueous Extract of Moringa oleifera Lam. Leaf to the CD4 +, CD8+ and B220+ Cells in Mus musculus

Abstract

Immune system is a system of biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease. It can be promoted by substance referred as immunomodulator. Usually people use synthetic drug or synthetic immunomodulator to get quick response against the disease. This habit lead to arising side effects such as nausea, bone marrow degradation, thrombocytopenic purpura and agranulocytosis. As alternative, natural immunomodulator derived from active compound in plant. The objectives of this study are to determine the effect of aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaf to the population of  CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells, and also B220⁺ cell on Mus musculus through in vitro study and to analyze the difference of immune response in treatment and non-treatment group (control). In this experiment we used spleen from Balb/C mice. Cells were grown in RPMI medium with three doses (10 µg/ml, 1 µg/ml, 0,1 µg/ml) of M.oleifera extract. The cells were grown for four days culture in the CO₂ incubator at 37°C with 5 % CO₂. The cells number and expression were analyzed by flowcytometry. Data was analyzed using one-way ANOVA with α=0,05 by SPSS 16.0 for windows with complete randomized design. The result shows that the extract has immunostimulant activity and the low dose (0,1 µg/ml) can  increase the cell number of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺, while high dose  (10 µg/ml) significantly increase B220⁺ cells compared to the control. This result strenghten that M.oleifera has immunomodulator activity to immunity system and worth to be developed into medicinal drug.

Keywords: immunomodulator, in vitro, Moringa oleifera, T cell